This illustrates two quite distinct types of GPS reflection geometries: one nearly below the low orbiter and one near the horizon. It turns out that most occultations occurring over water or ice are accompanied by a detectable reflection at the horizon. This is because the glancing reflection loses little power or coherence and retains its original polarization. By contrast, near-nadir reflections are decidedly weaker and harder to detect. The glancing reflections are easily observed by ordinary occultation antennas and represent an unexpected bonus that may pay rich scientific dividends.  Surface properties observable by GPS-SR may include ice and ocean topography, eddy-scale ocean circulation, ice sheet volume, sea state, and sea surface winds. Further processing of the reflected signals may provide radar imaging of high-reflection objects.